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Yuhanna Ibn Masawaih, (Mesue the Elder) 777–857, was the first to discuss removal of cataracts with a hollow tube via suction rather than couching which involved using a bent needle to drive the lens into the posterior chamber. Couching was a dangerous procedure commonly practised in the west till 1748. It was a 10th century Iraqi scientist, Al Mawsli, who started practising the procedure of using a hollow tube to remove cataracts, which has formed the basis of how surgery is done today.